Annelerin doðum sonu dönemde ebeveynlik davranýþlarýnýn deðerlendirilmesi

Amaç: Doðumdan sonraki ilk karþýlaþmada anne veya babanýn, bebeðe karþý gösterdiði davranýþlar ilk ebeveynlik davranýþý olarak kabul edilmektedir. Araþtýrma, annelerin doðum sonu dönemde ebeveynlik davranýþlarýnýn deðerlendirilmesi amacýyla yapýlmýþtýr.
Yöntem: Tanýmlayýcý nitelikte olan araþtýrma; Kadýn-Doðum Hastanesinde Ocak 2011-Mayýs 2011 tarihleri arasýnda vajinal doðum yapan, saðlýklý bebeðe sahip olan 234 anne ile tamamlanmýþtýr. Veriler; anket formu ve Britton ve arkadaþlarý (2001) tarafýndan geliþtirilen, Çalýþýr ve arkadaþlarý (2009) tarafýndan geçerliliði yapýlmýþ “Doðum Sonrasý Ebeveynlik Davranýþý Ölçeði” (DSEDÖ) ile toplanmýþtýr. Doðumdan sonra anne ve bebeðin karþýlaþtýðý ilk 10 dakika süresince gözlemci, annenin bebeðine karþý gösterdiði davranýþlarý gözlemleyerek, var olan davranýþa (+), olmayan davranýþa (-) iþareti koyarak kaydetmiþtir. Altý maddeli ölçeðin, her bir maddesi için davranýþ gözlenmiþse bir (1) puan, gözlenmemiþse sýfýr (0) puan olarak deðerlendirilir. Ölçekten alýnan toplam puanýn yüksek olmasý ebeveynin bebeðine karþý olumlu ebeveynlik davranýþýna sahip olduðunu göstermektedir. Annenin doðal davranýþýný gözleyebilmek için önce DSEDÖ, sonra anket formu gözlemci tarafýndan doldurulmuþtur. Her anket formu ve DSEDÖ için yaklaþýk 15 dakikalýk süre kullanýlmýþtýr. Araþtýrmaya baþlamadan önce etik kurul kararý ve kurumdan izin alýnmýþtýr. Doðuma gelen gebelere açýklama yapýlarak ve doðumdan sonra gözlemin herhangi bir zamanda yapýlacaðý bildirilerek katýlmak isteyenlerin onamlarý alýnmýþtýr. Verilerin deðerlendirilmesinde; yüzdelik daðýlým, varyans analizi ve t testi kullanýlmýþtýr.
Bulgular: Annelerin %66.7’sinin 20-29 yaþ grubunda olduðu, %77.8’inin isteyerek gebe kaldýðý belirlenmiþtir. Annelerin %9’u “0” puan alýrken, %17.5’i “6” puan almýþlardýr. Annelerin toplam puan ortalamasý 3.20±1.95 olarak bulunmuþtur. Annelerin; aile tipine, eðitim durumlarýna, eþlerin eðitim durumlarýna ve gelir düzeylerine göre (p<0.001), gebeliði isteme durumlarýna göre DSEDÖ puan ortalamalarý arasýnda anlamlý bir iliþki bulunduðu belirlenmiþtir (p<0.05).
Sonuçlar: Annelerin, ebeveynlik davranýþý puan ortalamalarýnýn orta düzeyde olduðu, aile tipi, eðitim, gelir düzeyleri ve gebeliðin istenmesinin puan ortalamalarýný etkilediði saptanmýþtýr.

The evaluation of parenthood attitudes of the mothers in postpartum period

Aim: In the first meeting after labor, attitudes of mother and father towards the infant are accepted as the first parenthood attitudes. This study was carried out with the aim of evaluating parenthood attitudes of mothers in post-partum period.
Method: The study, descriptive one, was carried on 234 mothers having healthy babies and giving vaginal birth at Women Labor Hospital between the dates Jan 2011 and May 2011. The data were collected by means of survey form and The Scale of Parenthood Attitude After Labor (SPAAL) validated by Çalýþýr et al (2009) and developed by Brittion et al (2001). During the first ten minutes when mother and father met after the labor, the observer followed the attitude of the mother towards her baby, and recorded as (+) for existing attitude, as (-) for unavailable attitude. In the scale consisting of six articles, if an attitude is observed for each article, it is given one point (1), if it isn’t observed, it is evaluated as (0) point. The fact that total score taken from the scale become high indicates that parents had positive parenthood attitude towars their infant. In order to observe natural attitude of mother, firstly, the Scale of Parenthood Attitude After Labor was filled, and then survey form was filled by observer. About 15 minutes were used for both survey forms. Before starting to the study, the decision of ethic board and permission of organization were taken. Explanations fort he pregnants coming for the labor were made, and was reported that observations after labor would be made at any time, and approval was taken from those who won’t to participate in. In the
evaluation of the data, variance analysis and t-test were used.
Findings: It was determined that 66.7% of the mothers were in 20-29 age group, and that 77.8% of the mothers became pregnant villingly. While 9% of mother took “0” poin, 17.5% took “six” (6) point. It was found out that total score average of the mothers was 3.20±1.95. It was also determined that, according to type of life, education level, educational level of the spouses (p<0.001), and villingness about pregnancy, there was a significant relationship between score averages of The Scale of Parenthood Attitude After Labor (p<0.05).
Results: It was found out that score averages of parenthood attitude of mothers were in moderate level, and that type of family, education, revenue levels and villingness about pregnancy affected score averages.